Ancient Wall 1

View of a portion of the excavations of Dame Kathleen Kenyon (1960–1967) that is located well below the Stepped–Stone Structure—but just above the Gihon Spring.

This massive eastern wall defended the city from 1800 to 800 BC!  The section shown here is a projecting "tower" that may have guarded a gate in the area.  Behind this wall, low down on the retaining wall, is a wall that was constructed in the days of the Judahite king Manasseh.

---

For a very helpful summary article describing this area, please see Cahill, Jane M. “Jerusalem in David and Solomon's Time.” Biblical Archaeology Review 30 (2004): 20–31, 62–63.