The northern boundary of the Haram esh–Sharif (Temple Mount) dates to the days when Herod the Great (37–4 B.C.) rebuilt the Temple Mount area. All of the buildings and gates along this line are Moslem institutions.
This is the area where the Antonia Fortress was located. Here Roman troops were station to monitor and control people/events in the Temple Mount to the south. This was the “barracks” to which Paul was taken by the Roman soldiers for his own protection (Acts 21:37).
Today the major Moslem institution in the area is the Umariyya School.