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A picture looking north at the 6th-century Baptistery that is located on the north side of the Atrium of the Church of Mary at Ephesus. There were two sets of stairs leading into/out of the central circular-shaped immersion pool. Compare the Baptistery as the nearby Basilica of St. John. And in southern Israel, compare the Baptistery at Mampsis.
The structure that contains the immersion pool is octagonal in shape. Note the three large crosses engraved on the massive marble stones that cover the piers that supported the dome roof.
The Church of Mary is a very long and narrow structure that was built in the late fifth-century. It was built over the southern stoa of an older Imperial Complex (Temple of Hadrian Olympios/Olympieion) and thus it is long and narrow. On the west was an atrium that measured 140 x 82 ft. To the east of that was a transverse narthex and to the east of that a long three-aisled church hall that measured 240 x 95 ft. with an apse on the east end.
After the earthquake in AD 557, it was rebuilt and the long central church was divided into two churches. The latest rebuilding was in the seventh century but St. John's Basilica became the focal point of worship in the region. In the middle ages, the area was used as a burial ground.
